What is a key performance advantage of using prefix lists over access lists?

A key performance advantage of using prefix lists over access lists is that prefix lists enhance network efficiency. This is largely due to how prefix lists are structured and processed by routers. Prefix lists utilize a more streamlined method of matching network addresses compared to traditional access lists, which typically evaluate each entry in a sequential manner.

When using prefix lists, networks can leverage the ability to match on a range of IP addresses with a single entry, rather than establishing individual entries for each address. This not only reduces the number of individual rules that need to be examined but also speeds up the routing decisions as routers can quickly evaluate larger groups of networks with a single check. Consequently, this leads to more efficient routing and less CPU load on network devices.

In contrast, while access lists may provide flexibility, they generally require more entries and more complex evaluations, which can strain resources and lead to slower processing times. Therefore, the ability of prefix lists to streamline these operations results in enhanced overall network efficiency.